Network congestion in blockchain occurs when the number of pending transactions exceeds the network’s capacity to process them in a timely manner. This can lead to delays in transaction confirmations and an increase in transaction fees, as users compete to have their transactions prioritized by miners.
Congestion often happens during periods of high activity, such as during market surges, popular token launches, or network attacks. Solutions like Layer-2 scaling, fee optimization, and upgraded protocols aim to reduce network congestion.
The cost of executing and verifying a transaction on a blockchain network is known as a transaction fee. Users frequently have to pay miners or validators a fee in order for them to prioritize and add their transactions to the blockchain.
Replace-by-Fee (RBF) is a Bitcoin transaction feature allowing users to replace an unconfirmed transaction with a new one that includes a higher transaction fee. This mechanism ensures that miners prioritize the transaction with the higher fee, improving the chances of faster confirmation.