Replace-by-Fee (RBF) is a Bitcoin transaction feature allowing users to replace an unconfirmed transaction with a new one that includes a higher transaction fee. This mechanism ensures that miners prioritize the transaction with the higher fee, improving the chances of faster confirmation.
RBF is particularly useful during periods of network congestion when low-fee transactions are delayed. While RBF increases transaction efficiency, it has raised concerns about potential misuse, such as enabling double-spending in specific scenarios.
Child Pays For Parent (CPFP) is a transaction fee mechanism in Bitcoin and other blockchain networks where a new transaction, called the "child," includes a higher fee to expedite the confirmation of a previous unconfirmed transaction, referred to as the "parent."
Verkle trees are a more advanced type of Merkle tree, taking up significantly less storage space. In a regular Merkle tree, each non-leaf node stores the hashes of its child nodes.